Embedded Software Overview for Battery Management Systems (BMS)

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Nowadays, most electronic-powered devices have a Battery Management System (BMS) architecture designed and implemented running a set of mechanisms to protect the battery from anomalous behavior. A battery management system working in a smartphone is very similar to the one operating an electric car's battery. However, the functionality of these two systems may be totally different. The design complexity depends on the battery characteristics that you need to monitor with your BMS. Normally, BMS features include monitoring the battery cells, controlling the recharge phase (with charge equalization between the cells), and estimating the internal states of the battery (i.e. state of charge (SOC)). Advanced BMS should also be able to provide an accurate estimation of SOH, from which the remaining useful life (RUL) and the end of life (EOL) of the battery can be calculated. Power management is addressed in the context of embedded systems from energy-aware design to energy-efficient implementation.  Here, you will get to know more about BMS functionality, and battery states and how you can estimate them by an embedded system.